Clipping machine



Feb. 4, 11930. J. F. DORAN 1,745,477.

i CLIPPING MACHINE Filed, Aug. 1o, 1926 2 sheets-sheet 2v IN VEN TOR.

W ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 4, 1'93 `v JAMES F. DORAN, OF,DAI\TBURY, CONNECTICUT CLIPPING MACHINE Application filed August 10, 1926. Serial No. 128,423.

This invention relates to clipping machines for use, by way'of example, in clipping surfaces such as those of velour hats or the like.

One of the kobjects ofthe invention is to 'provide a clipping machine which kis prac tical and thoroughly efficient. Another object is to 'provide a machine of the above i nature capable of speedily and evenly clip- `ping the nap of a velour surface' or the like to a uniform length. Another object is to vprovide a machine of the above nature capa'ble of producing uniformly reliable results'without requiring a highly skilled operator. Another object is to provide a machine ofthe above nature in the operation of which danger of injuring the surface being operated upon is minimized. Other objects are toL provide a machine of the above nature which is compact kand selffconta'ined, which' is simple in construction-and which is conveniently adjustable to meet varying condi- V tions of use. Other objects will be in part obvious or` in part pointed out hereinafter.

.The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elei ments, and arrangements of' parts as will be exemplified in the structure to be hereinafter described and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

'In the accompanying drawing in which is shownone of the various possible embodif ments of this invention,

Figure-1 is a side elevation of the machine;

Figure 2 is an end view of 'a :part lof the l upper portion Figure 3 is a bottoni plan view of the machine, certain parts being broken away, Figure 4 shows a modified driving connection;

Figure 5 is a section taken substantiall along the line 5 5 of Fig. l; Figure 6 is a section rtaken substantially along'V the line 6-6 of Fig.- 3; j

Figure 7 is a section taken substantially alongthe line 7--7 of 6 Figure 8 is a. section taken substantially y along the line 8-8 of F ig. G;

Figure 9 is a section taken substantially along the line 9-9 of Fig. 3, and

Figure 10 shows the machine operating upon a velour hat. y

Similar reference characters referto similar parts throughout the several views of the drawings.'

Referring ynow to the drawing in detail, and first to Figures 1 and 2, there is shown a frame portion 10 which has projecting therefrom, at what may be termed the rear endthereof, a handle 11 by means of which n the clipping machine may be moved manually over the surface to be clipped.` At the front end of the frame portion 10v is what may be termed a second frame portion 12 which is connected with-the frame portion 10 in avmanner which will presently be described. The frame portion 12 has mounted I therein a rotatable cutter or clipping cylinder 13 and, coacting with the rotatable cutter, a knife blade or bed knife 14:.

The frame portion 10 has mounted upon the upper side thereof an electric motor 15 which is connected to drive the rotatable cutter 13. Preferably, the upper surface of the frame portion 10 is shaped after the fashion offa saddle 16 which receives the motor casing and wherein the motor casing is secured, for example by screws 17. yBy thus mounting the driving motor for the clipping cylinder directly upon the clipper frame, distinct advantages are achieved. The use of long cumbersome flexible driving shafts is avoided, such flexible driving shafts rendering a machine of this nature awkward and hard to handle because of the weight of suoli a driving shaft and its resistance to bending. Moreover, when the drive to the clipping cylinder is transmitted from an external source by means of a flexible shaft a great deal of power is lost because of the' friction, and repeated twisting and bending of the shaft gives rise to a great deal. of trouble from breakage. By mounting 'the driving motor directly upvon the clipper frame, the frictional losses of such small size that its weight is not objectionable. i

In clipping a surface which is rounded'or otherwise not flat, it is extremely diflicult and requires the exercise of great care in order to clip the nap or projecting fibers to a uniform length and also to avoid digging into the body of the `material being clipped, when an ordinary clipping machine 'is employed. It is particularly difficult to clip a rounded surface whose curvature is not uniform, but changing, as in the case of a hat crown., One of the objects of this invention is to provide a clipping machine which will clip uniformly a and accurately without dangerof injuring the material being operated .upon :and without requiring such explicit care, regardless of the shape or contour of the ,surface being clipped. As was mentioned above, Athe frame yof this .20 machine inthe kpreferred embodiment includes preferably two parts, the part which carries the driving motor and .the handle 11, .and the part 12 which carries .the clipping cylinder. Refer-ring again .to Figures 1 and 2, the bottom .surface ofthe frame portion 10 is provided adjacent its forward end with a pair of rounded lugs 18 and 19 which support a transverse shaft or rod 20. Aboutthis shaft 20 is'fa sleeve 21 which, in the .operation-oi the clipping ,machine, is adapted 'to rest against the surface to ,beclipped Carried by theframe .portion 12 and :positioned directly beneath :the bed knife 14 is a plate member 22 which is xadapted .also to bear against vthe ,surface being clipped. yThis plate 22 will be described more in :detail later. rllhe frame portion 12 is` connected to or mounted upon .the frame `portion 10 so that it ycan -move lup .and down relative .thereto in `a direction ntoward and away from the surface being operated upon. f v

The frame portion 12, .carrying the Acutter 13, is preferably swiveled to the frame Iportieri 10. As shown in Figure A6, the frame portion 12has a rear wall p23 to which are secured a pair -of 4depending lugs .24 and 25, these lugs at their lower ends being swiveled lupon the shaft 20., .as shown in Figure 3. rlfhe two fra-me portions 10 and 12 are thusfswiveled toget-her to ,swing rela-tive to each other about the .axis of the shaft 20. The swiveling axis isl thus closely :adjacent to the part of the frame portion l() which rests upon the surface being clipped.`

The lugs 24 v.and 25 are secured tothe -wal'l V23 of the. frame portion 12 preferably by 'meansofscrews'2S-and 27 respectively and .-a Vslotted connection, vas show-n fin Figure 9.. By-loosening the screws 26 and l27, the frame portion 12 may be adjusted upon the frame portion 1-0 upwardly or downwardly to suitfable position, and angularly, to bring the axis of the cutter 13 and the axis of the -sh-aft ,20V

into substantial parallelism if desired. 1135 Referring now to Figure 9, theclipper is knife blade 14 determines the length to which' the nap is clipped. rlhe roller 21 also rests against the surface 28 Ybeing clipped. As the clipping machine is moved along, the two frame portions -10nand 12 are able to swivel about the axis ofthe shaft 2O to permit the `two parts 21 and 22 respectively thereof to` maintain vengagement with the' surface 28. For example, if the curvature of the surface 28 suddenly drops @if as indicated at 28a, the cutter moves downwardly about the axis 20, the pla-te 22 remaining constantly in engagement with the surfacer being clipped to regulate the length to which the fibers are cut. All

that is required of the operator is to movethe clipping machine, by meansJ of the handle 11, across the surface to be clipped, and careless liftinofor loweringof the handle by him does vnot aii'ect the operation yof the machine.

Preferably, a spring means is employed to urge thejframe portion 12, carrying the cutter 13,-to swing downwardly about its swivel 20. Referring to Figure 1,a rigid arm 30 is swiveled by a pin 31 to the frame portion 12 and, extending rearwardly therefronnis pivotally connected by'a pin 32 to'a lever 33. This lever `33 is swiveled upon the frame portionl() by a pin v34. A spiral tension spring 35, hooked .over apin `36 at its forward end,

tends toffswing the lever 33 forwardly and hence, through thearm `30, urges the frame portion 12 to swing downwardly. The force exerted'bythe spring 35 maybe adjusted by changing the arm of force through which it .acts upon the lever 33, the notched slot 3713eing provided in the lever 33 for this pur-k pose. i v Y The downward swinging of the frame porf tion 12 underthe urge of the spring 35is limited by an adjustable stop screw 38 (Fig. 1) which may be secured to the motorcasing and is adapted to bey engaged Yby the lever 33. The upward swinging of the frame portion 12y may be limited by a set screw 39.

The knife blade `14for the' cutter 13 is mounted by means of screws 40 in a block 41 (Figs '6 and 8) which is carried in a recess 42 extending upwardly into the rear wall 23 of the 'f1-ame portion 12. As best shown in Figure 8, the 'block 41, and hence the knife blade 14 therewith, is held by screws 43, 44

and 45 and is adjustable thereby. The screws Y ly through the wall 23 from the top and is threaded into the .block 41. The block 41,

ino

` of the screw 44.l By means of the screws 43 `and hence the knife blade 14 therewith, may be raised or lowered in the frame 12 by means and theblock 41and`hence the knife blade maybe adjusted angularly so as to bring the operative edge 142l of the knife blade into `proper parallelism kwith the axis of rotation of the cutter. Beneath the locking nuts 48for the screw 44 there lis provided a washer 49 'with a rounded lower surface which rests in a rounded recess about the enlarged opening through whichxthe screw 44 passes, so that `the block 41 and the screw' 44 therewith may rock for angular adjustment by the screws 43 and 45. By manipulation of the screws 43, 44 and 45, the knife blade is adjusted 1nt o proper relationship with the cutter 13 and 1s vthereupon securely locked in place by the lockl ing nuts. It will be seen that these` adjusting screws are conveniently accessible and that a line adjustment may be achieved.

The plate 22 beneath the knife blade 14 is preferably secured in place by screws 50 entering the block 41. This plate 22 is preferably of springy metal, and the length of the nap which the cutter leaves may be varied by rspringing the plate 22 downwardly and inserting between the same and the bottom of the knife 14 members 51 of any desired thickness. In this mannery the clipper is readily adjusted to cut the nap to the exact length desired.

The frame portion 12 substantially encloses i .the clipping cylinder 13 exceptvfor the opening at the bottom adjacent the knife blade 14.

j The -Vclippings `removed by the cutter are drawn outl rearwardly through a passage 52 gintherear wall 23, the block 41 being provided with an opening 53 which registers with this passage for permitting the discharge of the clippings. '.The frame portion 10 is hollow and the-passage 52 leads rearwardly thereinto through fa neck 54 which projects rearwardly into the fram-e portion 10 from :the rear wall 23 of the front frame portion 12.

The top and bottom walls of this neck 54 are curved, their center Vof curvature being subl ,stantially at the axis of the shaft' 20 so that,

as the two frame portions swivel relative to each other, the neck 54 slides in and out of f the; frame portion 10 without there being occasioned any opening. yThe handl'e'll is hollow and "the interior thereof communicates with the interior of the frame 10. As shown Figures 1 and 3, the `end'lla of the handle .'11 is preferably threaded for the attachment of a'suitable suction for carrying away the` l clippings. Theclippings are thus disposed of y Thewcylinder or cutter is preferably mounted tightly upon a shaft 55 which is supported in anti-friction bearings. At one end the shaft 55 projects outwardly through an end cap 56 secured to the frame or casing 12, and is provided with means for forming a -driving connection with the motor 15, the cap 56 serving to support the bearing 57. At the other side of the machine, the shaft '55 is preferably so supported that it does not project outwardly beyond the end of the frame 12. The end of the clipping cylinder is preferably recessed about the end portion of the shaft, and the end cap 58 has a cup-shaped part 59 projecting inwardly in to this recess. This cup-shaped part 59 supports the bearing' 60. The outer surface of the cap 58 is preferably perfectly smooth and, as shown in Figure 3, does not project outwardly beyond the edge of the frame portion 10. With this arrangement, the end of the clipping cylinder 13 comes close to the Side of the machine and it istherefore possible to clip closely upk into corners which would be inaccessible if the clipping cylinder shaft extended outwardly beyond the end of the clipping cylinder. For example, ink clipping a hat crown, it is possible to clip close to the brim.

Referring to Figures 1 and 3, the drive from the motor 15 to the clipping .cylinder 13 may be accomplished by means of a belt 61 driving from a pulley 62 mounted upon the armature shaft of the motor, to a pulley 63 mounted upon the clipper cylinder shaft I 55. This belt is passed over a pair of idler pulleys 64 and 65 which are mounted upon a stud shaft 66 in the frame portion 10. The axis of rotation of the idler pulleys 64 and 65 is preferably placed as closely as possible to the axis 20 about which the frame portions 10 and 12 swivel. In this manner, as the frame portions swivel relative to each other, the tension of the belt 61 does not vary materially.

In Figures 4 and 5 there is shown a modilied form of drive from the motor to the rotating cutter, the belt drive just described being displaced by a shaft and bevel gears. Mounted upon the armature shaft of the motor in place of the pulley 62 is a bevel gear 67, and mounted upon the shaft 55 of the clipping cylinder in place of the pulley 63 is a bevel gear 68. A bevel gear 69 meshes with the gear 68 and is mounted upon the end of a shaft 70 which is rotatably supported in a bracket 71. This bracket 71 is swiveled upon the hub of the cap 56, as shown in Figure 5,

Vso that it may swing about the axis of the shaft 55. A bevel gear 72 meshes with the gear 67 and is carried in a bracket 73. The bracket 73 is similar to the bracket 71 and is swiveled to swing about the axisy of the armature shaft of the motor. The gear 72 is connected by ashort shaft 74, journaled in the bracket 73, to drive a hollow shaft 75. The shaft 70 projects into the hollow part 75 im stantly transmitted Without'strain on the f be4 handled With the greatest' ease.

andisiprovided with av pin '7 6 engaging with a: slot.. Tliefdrive'is thus transmitted from they armature shaft of the motor to the gear 67,. they gear 72, the hollow shaft 75,. the pin 76 and shaft 0,. thev gear 69v and the gear 68 tothe shaft 55A ofthe clip/per cylinder. As the tvvofram'e portions lOfand 12svvivel relative toy each other, the two brackets 7l and Z3 may swivel and the shaft TOmay slide in the hOlloW'pa-rt 7 5, So that. the drive is con- 'driving connections.. l

Referringnow toFigure 10, there is shown a manner of operating'this clipping machine. lvhen a. hat, such. as a hat 28, is being; clipped, it is ordinarily stretched overv a haty block and held by the operator in one hand While the clipping machinel is moved over the suru face thereof Withl the other hand. To render they machine easyto operate and. light in the hand of` the: operator, it is preferably suspended from abo-ve and balanced so that it maybemovedwithout effort. iframe v8O is provided which is s'vviveled to swing about a vertical axis in theV bracket 81 secured, for example, toa Wall. The clipping machine is suspended'. at the outer end of .this bracket by a cable 82 passing over pulleys 83 and 84 and provided' Witha. counter Weight 85. instead of the' cable 821 and the counter Weight, the clippingy machine may be suspended' by a spring suspension 85. ln thismanner the Weight of the clipping machinei'sisubstantially counter-balanced and the machine may The spring susoensionis preferable'to the counter l Weight suspension because the inertia to be overcome is substantially less.

rlhe cable 82 or the spring 86 is'fast'ened to a hook 87 which issWiveled in a bracket 88 carrying a roller 89. These parts are shown more'clearlyv in Figures l and 2. The roller 89 engages the bottomsurface of a curved saddle 90 Which is sWiveled to the motor casingl at either side thereof. This construcvention, achieving advantages of. distinct practical importance. By means of this machine clippingoperations may be performed with speedand accuracy upon ai surface of any shape.` rlhe accuracy and uniformity of the results achieved are'not dependent upon the care and skill exercised by the operator.

' The machine issimple and compact. and yet transverselyof said frame, an electric motor 530 mounted upon said frame and connected to drive said cutter, a. handle by means of' which said frame may be moved manually overl the surface tol bey operated upon by said rotating `cutter,and a passage entend-ingl throughsaid .'85

handle for the' removal of clippings from said cutter. f Y

2.In a machine ofthe character described, inv combination, a rotating cutter, means supporting said rotating cutter for movement over a surface to be lclipped thereby, said sup- Yporting means having a part adapted to rest against saidsurface and said rotating cutter being mounted to swing about said part during Vits movement over the surface being 'f clipped'. i i' 3. in a machineof the character described, inv combination, a rotating cutter, and a frame-Work supporting said 'rotating cutter for movement over va. surface to be clipped, said frame-Work' including two partswhich are pivoted together, oneof which carries said rotating cutter and both of which have parts adapted to bear against thesurfac'e to be clipped. f

4. ln'a machine'of the character described, in combination, a rotating' cutter, `and a frame-Work supporting said rotating cutter for traverseover a surfaceto be clipped', said frame-Work including'two parts which are pivotedy together for relative swingingy during said' traverse, one of which carries said rotating cutter and the other of which has means Vwherebyl said fram'esyvork may .be given said traverse.y

5. In a machine of the character described,

.in combination, a rotating cutter, and a frame-Work, supporting 'said rotating cutter for traverse overa surface to be clipped,said framevvork including: two parts which arel pivoted4 together forrelative svvinging movement during' said traverse, one of Which carries said rotating cutter, and a motor for driving said cutter mounted on the otherof said parts. i i

6. namachi e'ofthelcharacter described, in combination, a frame including two parts pivoted together, a rotatable cutter' mounted in 'one of saidY parts, and a stationary knife blade enactingV With said rotating cutter, the l I a rotatable cutter mounted inone ofsaid said frame part carrying said cutter having a portion adjacent the operative edge of said knife blade whichis adapted to bear against the surface to be clipped, and said other frame part also having a portion adapted to v bear against the surface to be clipped.

7. In a machine of -the character described, in combination, a frame including two parts, a rotatable cutterk mounted in one of said yframe parts, each of said frame parts having '8. In a machine of the character described,

in combination, a frame includingftwo parts,

- frame parts, each ofisaid frame parts having ar portion adapted to bear against the surface to be clipped, and saidtwo frameparts being pivoted together to swing relative to each other about an axis substantially parallel to the axis of yrotation of said cutter.

9. In a machineoffthe character described, in combination, a frame including two parts, a rotatable cutter mounted in oneV of vsaid frame parts, each of said frame -partshaving a portionadapted to bear against the surface to be clipped, and said two frame parts being pivoted together. to swing relative to each other`,`and spring means urging said frame parts to swing relative to each other.

l 10. In a machine of the character described, in combination, a frame including two parts, arotatable cutter mounted in one of said frame parts, and a stationary knife blade coacting with said cutter, saidframe l part carrying saidcutter having a portion adjacent the operative edge of said knife blade which is adapted to bear against the surface to be clipped, and saidother` frame part having'a portion adapted to bear against the surface to be clipped, said two frame parts being pivoted together to swing relative to each other about an axis substantially paral-y lel tothe axis of rotation of said cutter and adjacent to one o f said portions bearing against'the surface to be clipped. y

n .11. In a machine ofthe character described, in combination, a rotating cutter, and a frame f supporting said rotating cutter'for traverse over asurface to be clipped,'said frame including two parts one of which carries said rotating cutter and both of which have parts kadapted to bear against the surface to be clipped, said two frame parts being connected together so as to permit relative movement f thereof during traverse in a direction toward and away from the surface to be clipped. y

12. Inca machine of the character described,

' in combinatioma rotating cutter, and a frame supporting said rotating cutter for traverse over a surface tobe clipped, said frame 1ncluding two parts connected together'so as to permit during traverse a movement thereof relative to each other in a direction toward and away from the surface to be clipped, each of said frame parts having a portion adapted to bear against the surface to be clipped, one thereof carrying said rotating cutter, and a motor mounted on the other of said frame parts for driving said cutter.

13. In a machine of the character described, in combination, a rotating cutter, a frame supporting said rotating cutter fortraverse over a surface to be clipped, said frame including two parts connected rtogether so asvto permit during traverse a movement thereof relative to each other in a direction toward and away from the surface to be clipped, one of said frame parts carrying said rotating cutter and a stationary knife blade coacting with said cutter and having a portion adjacent the opeartive edge of said knife blade adapted to bear against the surface to be clipped, and the other of said frame parts having a portion adapted to bear against the surface to be clipped. j

14:. In a machine of the character described, in combination, a frame vportion having a bottom part adapted to resty upon a surface to be clipped and having a handle at one end for manual manipulation thereof, a second frame portion at the other end of said first frame, ay rotatable cutter in said second frame vportion and ya bed knife adapted to coact with said rotatable cutter, said second frame portion being mounted upon said first frame portion for up and down movement relative thereto.

15. In a machine of the character described, in combination, a frame portion having a bottom part adapted to rest upon a surface to be clipped and having a handle at one end for manual manipulation thereof, a second frame portion at tlie other end of said first frame, a rotatable cutter in said second frame portion and a bed knife adapted to coact with said rotatable cutter, said second frame portion being mounted upon said first frame portion for up and down movement relative thereto, and spring means urging said second frame portion downwardly relative to said first to carry said cutter toward the suface to be clipped.

16. In a machine of the character described, in combination, a hollow frame portion having a bottomy part adapted to rest upon a surface to be clipped, a second hollow frame portion at one end of said first frame portion, a

17. In a machine of the 4character described, in combination, a hollow frame portion having a bottom partadapted to rest upon a` surface to be clipped, a second hollow frame' portion at one end of said first frame portion, a rotatable cutter mounted in said second frame portion and a bed knife adapted to coact with said cutter, said second frame portion being mounted upon said iirst frame portion for up and down movement relative thereto, and a passage forv clippings from said second hollow frame into said first hollow frame, said first Vframe having at the end thereof remote from said second frame a hollow-handle by means of which said frame may be manipulated and through which said clippings may be removed.

18. In ainachine of the character described, in combination, a frame portion having a bottom part adapted to `rest upon a surface to be clipped, a second frame portion at one end of said. first frame portion and swiveled thereto to swing thereon toward and away from the surface tobe clipped, a rotating cutter mounted in said second frame portion,

and spring means acting between said. two frame portions and urgingl said second frame portion to swing toward the surfaceto be clipped to hold said cutter in operative ree lation theretor 19 In a `machine ofthe character described. in combination, a frame portion having` a Y bottom part adapted to rest upon a surface frame mann/ally over the surface tol be operated upon by said rotating cutter andfa uni'- Y versal sus-pension for supporting the weight of said frame and the Vparts carried thereby during said manual handlingthereof, said suspension. including. a curved saddle and a roller engaging with said saddle,

. 21. In a machine of the characterdescribed, in combination,v a rot-ating cutter, a stationary knife bladecoacting with said cutter, a block upon whichsaid knife blade is mounted, and

meansfincluding three adjustment screws for moving said. block so as to adjust said knife blade toward andaway from saidjcutter and angularly relative toqsaid. cutter..

22'. In a machine ofthe character described, in combination, a rotating cutter, a frame in c5 which said rotating cutter is mounted adapted to rest against a surface to be clipped by said cutter, and a handle for said frame for manual guiding thereof and pivotally connected thereto to permit relative swinging@ betweensaid handle and said frame during the clipping operation.

28. In a machine of the character described, 'i

in combination, a ,clipping tool, aframe inv which said tool is carried having a part adapted. to rest against the surface to be clipped,

s and a handle yhaving a' part adapted to be gripped by an operator for moving said j frame across the surface being clipped, said handle having a part associated therewith adapted to rest against the surface ,being clipped and being arranged to permit movement of said tool relative thereto in a direction toward and away from the surface being clipped during the clipping operation.

24. In a machine of the character described, in combinatioina clipping tool, a frame in which said tool is carried adapted to resty against the surface to. be clipped, and meansy adapted toY bel gripped by an operator for manually moving said frame across the surface to be clipped, said means being arrangedY automatically to permit the Yoperative plane of said clipping tool-to remain atapredeterfv mined distance from said surface independently of movements of the operators handte-`r ward or away from said surface.. i

25. In a machine of the character described,y in combination, a rotating cutter, ay frame in posed between the operative kplane of said cutter and the surface to be clipped to deterd mine the length of nap left by said'cutter and adapted to resty against the surface being clipped, and said framehaving a part spaced fromv said las-t means adapted forest against said surface. s t

26, In a machineof the character described, in combination, a rotating,cutter,y a frame inv which said cutter is mounted, means inter*- posed between. the operative plane Yof said cutter and the surface to be clippedto determine the length of. nap left by said cutter and adapted to rest a,f fainst the surface being clipped, said frame'having a part spaced from said last means adapted to rest against said surface, means ypivotally connectedvv to said frame for moving thesame across said surwhich said cutteris mounted., meansxinteriis l face,y and: a motor mounted upon said frame f and connected to drive said 'cutten `27. In a clipper, in: combination, a frame,

ieri

a bed. knife thereon having a cutting edge, a I f cutter rotatably mounted in said frame with.

itsv airis substantially parallel to said bedknife edge and havingva. plural-ity of blades to coact with said bed knife, said frame having apart adjacent said bed knife edge adapted to'bear against the surface to be clipped, said frame and the. surface to be clipped being adapted t0 be moved relatively in a direction transversely of the bed knife edge during the clipping operation, a rotary electric motor mounted upon said frame with its axis spaced from the axis of said` cutter, and a driving adjacent said bed knife edge adapted to bear against the surface to bevclipped, said frame i j and the surface to be clipped being ad-apted to be moved relatively in a direction transversei ly of the bed knife edge during the clipping operation, a rotary electric motor mountedk upon said frame and connected to drive said rotary cutter, said frame and said parts carried thereby being adapted to 'be manipulated manually during the clipping operation and said frame having a handle to be gripped for manipulation thereof.

29.In a clipper, in combination, a frame, a bed knife thereon having a cutting edge, a cutter rotatably mounted in said frame with its axis substantially parallel to vsaid bed 'knife edge and having a plurality of blades to coact with said bedknife, said frame having a part adjacent said bed knife edge adapted tov bear against the surface to be clipped, said frame and the surfaceto be clipped being adapted to be moved relatively in a direction transversely of the bed knife edge during the clipping operation, ya rotary electric motor mounted upon said frame on the side thereof opposite to that which faces the surface being clipped and with its axis substantially parallel to that of said rotary cutter, and a driving y connection between y said motor and said cutter. s

30. In a clipper, in combination, a frame, a bed knife thereon having a cutting edge, a cutter rotatably mounted in said frame with its axis substantially parallel to said bed knife edge and having a plurality of blades to coactv with said bed knife, said frame having a part adjacent said bed knife edge adapted to bear against the surface to be clipped, said frame and Vthe surface to be clipped being adapted to be moved relatively in a. direction transversely of the bed knifeedge during the n clipping operation, a shaft connected to rotate with said cut-ter and projecting through yce one side of said frame, an electric motor mounted on said frame on the side thereof opposite to that which faces the surface being clipped, the shaft of said motor projecting i a bed knife thereon having a cutting edge, a

cutter rotatably mounted in said frame with its axis substantially parallel to said bed knife, said frame having a part adjacent said bed knife edge adapted to bear against the surface to be clipped, said frame and the surface to be clipped being adapted to be moved relatively in a direction transversely of the bed knife edge during the clipping operation, a rotary electric motor mounted upon said frame and connected to drive said rotary cutter, said frame and said parts carried thereby being adapted to be manipulated manually during the clipping operation and said frame having a handle to be gripped for manipulation thereof, and spring means for suspending said frame during manipulation thereof adapted to substantially counterbalance the weight of said frame and of said parts carried thereby.

32. In a clipper, in combination, a frame, a bed knife mounted on the bottom of said frame, a rotary cutter mounted in said frame above said bed knife and coacting therewith, an electric motor mounted on the top of said frame with its axis substantially parallel to that of said cutter, and a driving connection at one side of said frame between said motor and said cutter. f

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification this thirteenth day 

